但这些塑料管材在高温高压性能、环保、回收利用、原料来源、加工工艺等方面不同程度地存在着一些不足,不能充分满足实际使用的要求。近几年来(ABS)管材可解决上述问题,它不但具有其它塑料管材的共同优点,还能克服ABS树脂耐候性差等缺陷,所以美国每年用在建筑给水管方面的ABS树脂近10万t。在这方面我国起步较晚,最近二三年才开始用ABS树脂制作给水管材。
2ABS管的性能
2.1ABS管与其它管材性能比较
ABS树脂的冲击强度、抗蠕变性及耐腐蚀性都很好,使用温度为-40~95℃。与金属管及其它塑料管及其它塑料管相比,ABS管有突出的综合性能。
ABS管与镀锌管比较,具有如下优点:
(1)密度仅为镀锌管的1/6~1/7,质轻,便于运输;
(2)耐化学腐蚀性好,使用寿命长;
(3)保温性好,热导率仅为镀锌钢管的1/200,节省保温成本;
(4)内壁光滑,不生水垢,不滋生细菌,磨擦系数小,水流阻力小,流量可增大30%;
(5)物料可回收利用,在生产管材及管件过程中产生的废料,经清洁破碎后可回收利用。
ABS管与市场上主要的塑料给水管材的性能及缺点比较见表1。从表1可以看出,ABS管材具有使用温度范围宽,冲击强度高,抗蠕变性、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性好,连接简单等特点,但其耐候性较差。
2.2ABS管的物理力学性能
笔者根据市场需求,以ABS为主要原料,加入抗氧剂、抗紫外线吸收剂等进行改性,生产了耐候性较好的直径15~200mm的冷水管及130多种规格的配套管件,直径15~160mm的热水管及与之配套的管件。采用螺纹连接、冷溶胶接、法兰连接等多种方式进行连接,可在-40~95℃范围内使用。表2、表3分别列出ABS冷、热水管的物理力学性能。
2.3 抗老化性能
经1000h人工气候加速老化试验及热空气老化试验表明,ABS冷、热水管的拉伸强度、冲击强度、弯曲强度等性能均无明显变化。
2.4 适用温度范围及使用寿命
冷水管工作温度为-40~60℃,热水管工作温度为20~95℃,在工作温度范围内,ABS管保持品质特性不变,在正常状态下,室内可使用50年以上。
2.5 卫生性能
ABS管材不含任何重金属稳定剂,不会有金属物质渗出,因此无毒。产品浸泡试验表明水质达到对照水质标准,Ames试验结果为阴性,急性经口毒性(LDSO)测定性无毒物,小鼠骨髓微核试验为阴性,达到卫生产品标准。
3安装
ABS管材可采用螺纹连接、冷溶连接、法兰连接等连接方式装配,连接方式多,接头牢固,安装方便且质量可靠。
4应用
ABS管可用于给水、排水管,自来水、沌净水输送管,空调工程配管,冰水系统,海水输送管,集排污水管,流体处理,电气配管,游泳池用管,饮料用输送管,压缩空气配管,环保工程用管等。如大庆市公用事业局在700多栋、3万用户的住宅区安装了输送沌净水的ABS管;吉林通化葡萄酒厂用ABS管输送酒;新疆高速公路局宿舍用ABS管输送热水(60~70℃);成都星河名居大厦10万平方米的居民住宅区用ABS管输送饮用水;石家庄参谋学院22万平方米居民住宅区用ABS管输送饮用水等。ABS管已畅销26个省,遍布180多个市,用户反映其质量良好。
5ABS管在生产应用中得到了用户的肯定,但其耐候性和耐热性都还不尽人意,不能满足用户更高的要求。笔者建议ABS树脂生产厂家应考虑扩大ABS管材专用料的批量生产规模,以便ABS管材生产厂家降低生产成本,提高效益,同时应重点考虑提高ABS管材专用料的性能,如生产低收缩、高抗冲、高拉伸、耐候性好的专用料,以便ABS管材生产厂家不必对其改性就能直接生产出用户更满意的产品。
However, these plastic pipe in the high temperature and pressure performance, environmental protection, recycling, sources of raw materials, processing technology, etc. There are some varying degrees, inadequate, unable to fully meet the actual requirements.In recent years (ABS) pipe to resolve the above problems, it not only has the common advantages of other plastic pipes, but also to overcome the deficiencies and poor weather ABS resin, so the United States annually to the water mains in the construction of the ABS resin, nearly 100,000 t.In this regard, my late start, most recently in 2023 began to produce water pipe with ABS resin.
2ABS Tube Performance
2.1ABS Performance Comparison of pipe and other pipe
ABS resin, impact strength, creep resistance and corrosion resistance are good, use the temperature -40 ~ 95 ℃.With metal pipes and other plastic pipes and other plastic pipe compared to, ABS possession of outstanding overall performance.
ABS pipe and galvanized pipe comparison, has the following advantages:
(1) The density of galvanized pipe is only 1 / 6 ~ 1 / 7, light weight, easy to transport;
(2) good chemical corrosion resistance and long service life;
(3), good insulation, thermal conductivity is only galvanized steel pipe 1 / 200, saving insulation costs;
(4) The inner wall is smooth, non-health scale, non-breeding of bacteria, friction coefficient is small, flow resistance, flow rate can be increased 30%;
(5), recyclable materials in the production pipe and fittings of waste generated in the process, after cleaning broken recyclable.
ABS pipe and the dominant performance of the plastic water supply pipe and weaknesses compared in Table 1.From Table 1 shows that, ABS pipe with a wide temperature range, shock, high strength, creep resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, good connectivity and simple features, but its weather is poor.
2.2ABS tube physical and mechanical properties
The author according to market demand in order to ABS as the main raw material, antioxidant, anti-UV absorber was modified and produced good weatherability diameter of 15 ~ 200mm cold water pipes and more than 130 kinds of specifications supporting pipe diameter15 ~ 160mm of hot water pipes and ancillary fittings.Using threaded connections, cold-sol Then, flange connections to connect a variety of ways, can be -40 ~ 95 ℃ range.Table 2, Table 3 lists the ABS were cold, the physical and mechanical properties of hot water pipes.
2.3 Anti-aging properties of
After 1000h artificial climate accelerated aging test and hot air aging tests showed, ABS cold, hot water pipe tensile strength, impact strength, bending strength, etc. There was no significant change in performance.
2.4 The application temperature range and service life
Cold water pipe work temperature -40 ~ 60 ℃, hot water pipes operating temperature of 20 ~ 95 ℃, the working temperature range, ABS pipe to maintain the same quality characteristics, in the normal state, can be used indoors for more than 50 years.
2.5 Health and Performance
ABS pipe does not contain any heavy metal stabilizers, there will be no leakage of metal material, so non-toxic.Product immersion test showed that the water quality control water quality standards, Ames test result is negative, acute oral toxicity (LDSO) Determination of non-toxic, mouse bone marrow micronucleus test was negative, reaching the health-product standards.
3 Installation
ABS pipe thread connection can be used, cold soluble connections, flange connections connection assembly, connections and more solid connection, easy installation and reliable quality.
4 Applications
ABS pipe can be used for water supply, drainage, water, turbid water pipes, air-conditioning works with pipes, chilled water systems, water supply lines, sewage collection pipes, fluid handling, electrical piping, swimming pools, pipe, drink with conveying pipe, compressionair pipe, tube and other environmental projects.Such as the Daqing City Public Utilities Board in more than 700 buildings, 3 million users have installed a residential area of the ABS pipe conveying turbid water; Jilin Tonghua winery with ABS pipe conveying wine; Xinjiang Highway Administration quarters with ABS pipe conveying hot water (60~ 70 ℃); Chengdu Galaxy Mingju building 10 million square meters of residential areas with the ABS pipe conveying potable water; Shijiazhuang Staff College, 220,000 square meters residential areas with ABS pipes conveying drinking water.ABS pipe has been sold in 26 provinces, spread over 180 cities, users reflect its good quality.
5ABS tube has been in production applications, the users positive, but its weather resistance and heat resistance are still unsatisfactory, can not meet higher customer demand.I propose the ABS resin manufacturers should consider expanding the scale of mass production of special materials for ABS pipe to ABS pipe manufacturers lower production costs, enhance efficiency, and at the same time should consider increasing the focus on the performance of ABS Pipe Compound, such as the production of low shrinkage, high-impact, high tensile, good weatherability Special Materials for ABS pipe manufacturers do not have to be able to direct its modification to produce more user-satisfaction with products.